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ARGOTE VEGA&lt;br /&gt;CAPITULO II&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;2.1&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Marco referencial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;2.1.1&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Estudios previos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;La Universidad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt; de Nari&amp;ntilde;o realiz&amp;oacute; un estudio entre los a&amp;ntilde;os 2001 y 2003, &amp;ldquo;Evaluaci&amp;oacute;n de extractos de plantas y, jabones y aceites para el control de plagas en papa, fr&amp;iacute;jol y hortalizas en la zona andina del Departamento de Nari&amp;ntilde;o&amp;rdquo; dirigido por el Doctor Carlos Betancourth&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Garc&amp;iacute;a. A continuaci&amp;oacute;n se hace una s&amp;iacute;ntesis de los resultados arrojados por este proyecto, haciendo &amp;eacute;nfasis en los extractos a partir de ruda, lo cual permitir&amp;aacute; develar el estado de arte de la investigaci&amp;oacute;n que se pretende desarrollar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Las plantas y sus &amp;oacute;rganos para la elaboraci&amp;oacute;n de los extractos se pueden apreciar en la tabla 1. Seg&amp;uacute;n Betancourth&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#_ftn1&quot; name=&quot;_ftnref1&quot; style=&quot;mso-footnote-id: ftn1;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt; en la preparaci&amp;oacute;n de los extractos se emplearon cuatro m&amp;eacute;todos:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Infusi&amp;oacute;n.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Consisti&amp;oacute; en calentar hasta punto de ebullici&amp;oacute;n 200 ml de alcohol de 70&amp;deg; y se adiciono 60.48 g por planta, se dejo en reposo por espacio de una hora&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;y luego se exprimi&amp;oacute; el contenido manualmente con un lienzo, obteniendo la soluci&amp;oacute;n madre.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Decocci&amp;oacute;n.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Proceso similar al anterior, pero se utiliz&amp;oacute; como solvente agua destilada en cantidad de 200 ml, se cocin&amp;oacute; el material vegetal por 20 minutos y se dejo enfriar a temperatura ambiente. Posteriormente se exprimi&amp;oacute; el contenido&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;con la ayuda de un tamiz o lienzo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Macerado.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;A 60.48 g de material vegetal pulverizado se adicion&amp;oacute; 200 ml de agua destilada, se tapo y se dej&amp;oacute; a temperatura ambiente en oscuridad por 72 horas, despu&amp;eacute;s se exprimi&amp;oacute; como en los anteriores casos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Pur&amp;iacute;n.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Se procedi&amp;oacute; de la misma forma que el macerado, pero se dej&amp;oacute; por 15 d&amp;iacute;as tapado en condiciones de oscuridad, para luego sacar el extracto manualmente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Concentraci&amp;oacute;n de extractos. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Luego de hacer la extracci&amp;oacute;n, se procedi&amp;oacute; a determinar diferentes concentraciones, para evaluar cual de ellas era la m&amp;aacute;s eficiente. Se trabajo con concentraciones de 15, 30 y 60%. Las concentraciones se eligieron luego de ensayos previos en laboratorio, en los cuales se evalu&amp;oacute; mortalidad, repelencia y fototoxicidad en las plantas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Tabla 1. Plantas y &amp;oacute;rganos empleados en la obtenci&amp;oacute;n de extractos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 191; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; border: windowtext 1pt solid;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;PLANTA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;PARTE VEGETATIVA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Aj&amp;iacute; ( Capsicum sativum )&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Fruto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 2;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Ajo ( Allium sativum )&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Bulbo y hojas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Altamisa ( Ambrosia artemisifolia )&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Hoja y semillas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 4;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Verbena ( Verbena officinalis )&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Hoja y tallo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 5;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Borrachero ( Brumflesia pauciflora )&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Hoja y flor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 6;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;P&amp;iacute;spura (Dalea coerulea)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Hoja y tallo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 7;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Eneldo (Anethum graveolens)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Hoja y tallo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 8;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Eucalipto (Eucaliptos globulus)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Hoja y fruto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 9;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Ruda (Ruta graveolens)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Hoja y flores&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 10; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;R&amp;aacute;bano (Raphanus sativus)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 164.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;219&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Ra&amp;iacute;z y hojas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Fuente: Betancourth 2003&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Cr&amp;iacute;a de insectos.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Las cr&amp;iacute;as masivas de los diferentes insectos se realizaron en invernadero y la captura con &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;mallas del C.I Corpoica, Obonuco, obteniendo las cantidades suficientes para el montaje de los bioensayos en laboratorio. De igual forma, se realizaron cohortes con el fin de uniformizar los estados de crecimiento de los insectos que se utilizaron en la fase de invernadero, para mayor exactitud de los resultados. Los insectos utilizados fueron, afido del repollo Brevicoryne brassicae, afido de la papa Myzus persicae, mosca blanca Trialeurodes vaporariorum, gusano blanco de la papa Premnotripes vorax, polilla guatemalteca Tecia solanivora.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Se realizaron bioensayos para el caso de mosca blanca y afidos, los tratamientos se distribuyeron en un dise&amp;ntilde;o completamente al azar con 192 tratamientos (16 plantas y sus partes x 3 concentraciones x 4 m&amp;eacute;todos de extracci&amp;oacute;n) y cuatro repeticiones. La unidad experimental correspondi&amp;oacute; a una caja de Petri, se evalu&amp;oacute; mortalidad y repelencia. El an&amp;aacute;lisis estad&amp;iacute;stico se realizo mediante la prueba de comparaci&amp;oacute;n de promedios de Duncan y an&amp;aacute;lisis de varianza.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Tambi&amp;eacute;n se realiz&amp;oacute; la evaluaci&amp;oacute;n en fase de invernadero, utilizando plantas de fr&amp;iacute;jol de la variedad andino com&amp;uacute;n para los ensayos con mosca blanca (Trialeurodes vaporariorum). Los tratamientos se agruparon en un dise&amp;ntilde;o irrestrictamente al azar con cinco repeticiones. Las variables evaluadas fueron, porcentaje repelencia, porcentaje mortalidad, numero de huevos. El an&amp;aacute;lisis estad&amp;iacute;stico se realiz&amp;oacute; mediante prueba de comparaci&amp;oacute;n de medias de Duncan y an&amp;aacute;lisis de varianza. De la misma manera se realizaron los ensayos con el afido de la papa, el afido del repollo, el gusano blanco y la polilla guatemalteca. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;La evaluaci&amp;oacute;n en fase de campo se realiz&amp;oacute; en 28 parcelas, con los mismos afidos e insectos, con los mejores cinco tratamientos provenientes de la fase de invernadero, los cuales fueron: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;T1&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Altamisa fruto pur&amp;iacute;n 15%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;T2&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Ajo hoja decocci&amp;oacute;n 60%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;T3&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Borrachero hoja pur&amp;iacute;n 60%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;T4&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Eucalipto hoja infusi&amp;oacute;n 15%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;T5&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;P&amp;iacute;spura hoja infusi&amp;oacute;n 60%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;T6&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Testigo absoluto &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;T7&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Testigo comercial.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Los resultados reportados por la investigaci&amp;oacute;n de Betancourt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#_ftn2&quot; name=&quot;_ftnref2&quot; style=&quot;mso-footnote-id: ftn2;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;&quot;&gt;[2]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt; son los siguientes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;a)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Resultados a partir de Ruda (Ruta graveolens) Fase de laboratorio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Control de afido de la papa Myzus persicae en condiciones de laboratorio, promedios para porcentaje de repelencia a las 24, 48 y 72 horas, numero de ninfas a las 72 horas y porcentaje de mortalidad a las 48 y 72 horas.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;El mayor porcentaje de mortalidad a las 72 horas se obtuvo con la infusi&amp;oacute;n de Ruda sin presentar diferencias significativas con la decoccion, pero si hay diferencias significativas con el macerado y el purin. La mayor repelencia se obtuvo con la concentraci&amp;oacute;n al 30% a las 72 horas, sin presentar diferencias significativas con la dosis al 60%, pero si hay diferencias significativas con la dosis del 15% la que dio una mortalidad del 59.88%.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Control de afido de la papa Myzus persicae en condiciones de laboratorio, an&amp;aacute;lisis de varianza, para las variables porcentaje de repelencia a las 24, 48 y 72 horas, numero de ninfas a las 72 horas y porcentaje de mortalidad a las 48 y 72 horas.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;La mayor repelencia a las 24 horas se encontr&amp;oacute; para la Ruda preparada en forma de purin, a las 72 horas la repelencia mas alta fue el preparado por infusi&amp;oacute;n. El promedio mas bajo en cuanto al n&amp;uacute;mero de ninfas fue de 1.33, el cual se obtuvo con el macerado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Control de la mosca blanca Tryaleurodes vaporariorum en condiciones de laboratorio, an&amp;aacute;lisis de varianza para las variables porcentaje de repelencia a las 24, 48 y 72 horas, numero de huevos a las 72 horas y porcentaje de mortalidad a las 48 y 72 horas.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;La mayor repelencia a las 24, 48 y 72 horas se presento en Ruda preparada en infusi&amp;oacute;n.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Control de la mosca blanca Tryaleurodes vaporariorum en condiciones de laboratorio, promedios para porcentaje de repelencia a las 24, 48 y 72 horas, numero de huevos a las 72 horas y porcentaje de mortalidad a las 48 y 72 horas.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;La oviposicion mas baja fue para el macerado, el extracto obtenido por infusi&amp;oacute;n fue el que tuvo la mayor mortalidad a las 48 y 72 horas. La dosis que dio la mayor mortalidad a las 48 horas fue la del 30%, a las 72 horas la mortalidad mas alta se presento con la dosis al 60%.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Control del afido del repollo Brevicoryne brassicae en condiciones de laboratorio, an&amp;aacute;lisis de varianza para las variables porcentaje de repelencia a las 24, 48 y 72 horas, numero de ninfas a las 72 horas y porcentaje de mortalidad a las 48 y 72 horas.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Se encontr&amp;oacute; que la Ruda preparada en forma de decocci&amp;oacute;n tuvo la mayor repelencia, tanto a las 24 como a las 48 horas. A las 72 horas el mayor porcentaje fue para el macerado con un 100% de repelencia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Control del afido del repollo Brevicoryne brassicae en condiciones de laboratorio, promedios para porcentaje de repelencia a las 24, 48 y 72 horas, numero de ninfas a las 72 horas y porcentaje de mortalidad a las 48 y 72 horas.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;El mayor porcentaje de mortalidad se obtuvo con el macerado tanto a las 48 como a las 72 horas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;b)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Resultados a partir de Ruda (Ruta graveolens)&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Fase de invernadero&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Mosca blanca.: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Para Ruda en infusi&amp;oacute;n al 30% el porcentaje de repelencia a las 72 horas fue el mayor. La Ruda en infusi&amp;oacute;n al 60% fue la que obtuvo el mayor porcentaje de mortalidad a las 72 horas. Ruda en infusi&amp;oacute;n al 30% presenta el promedio mas bajo para n&amp;uacute;mero de huevos a las 72 horas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Afido del repollo: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;El mayor porcentaje de repelencia a las 24 y 48 horas se obtuvo con la Ruda macerada al 60%. El mayor porcentaje de mortalidad a las 48 horas se obtuvo con la Ruda macerada al 30%. El menor n&amp;uacute;mero de ninfas a las 48 horas se obtuvo con la Ruda macerada al 30%. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Gusano blanco: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;La Ruda&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt; en decocci&amp;oacute;n y macerada al 60% presentan el mayor porcentaje de mortalidad a las 24 horas. A las 48&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;y 72 horas el mayor porcentaje de mortalidad lo representa la Ruda en decocci&amp;oacute;n al 60%. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Por otra parte estudios farmacol&amp;oacute;gicos con Ruda (Ruta graveolens), han demostrado que en su aceite esencial existen compuestos con actividad antimicrobial, resultado que fue verificado por el grupo de investigaci&amp;oacute;n &amp;acute;&amp;acute; prevenci&amp;oacute;n de c&amp;aacute;ncer&amp;acute;&amp;acute; de la universidad de Nari&amp;ntilde;o, demostrando el efecto in vitro del aceite esencial de esta planta sobre Helicobacter pylori. Teniendo en cuenta este estudio se plante&amp;oacute; otra investigaci&amp;oacute;n cuyo objetivo fue analizar la variaci&amp;oacute;n&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;de compuestos presentes en el aceite esencial de Ruda, obtenido de plantas sometidas a diferentes niveles de estr&amp;eacute;s h&amp;iacute;drico para asociarlo con el posible efecto en la actividad bactericida. &amp;acute;&amp;acute;Como resultados se encontr&amp;oacute; que el aceite tiene cambios significativos entre el tratamiento control y dos niveles de estr&amp;eacute;s h&amp;iacute;drico (leve y moderado), tanto en concentraci&amp;oacute;n como en compuestos presentes, existiendo una relaci&amp;oacute;n directamente proporcional entre el grado de estr&amp;eacute;s h&amp;iacute;drico a que fue sometida la planta y el n&amp;uacute;mero de compuestos reportados&amp;acute;&amp;acute;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#_ftn3&quot; name=&quot;_ftnref3&quot; style=&quot;mso-footnote-id: ftn3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;&quot;&gt;[3]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Viveros y Casta&amp;ntilde;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#_ftn4&quot; name=&quot;_ftnref4&quot; style=&quot;mso-footnote-id: ftn4;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;&quot;&gt;[4]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;valoraron los efectos fungicidas &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;con extractos de 30 especies de plantas, obtenidos mediante la t&amp;eacute;cnica soxhlet a&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt;diferentes concentraciones de solventes extractores de agua, etanol y glicerina, para extraer los principales componentes activos seg&amp;uacute;n la especie. Evaluaron concentraciones de 25, 50, 75 y 100%. Cada tratamiento tuvo tres repeticiones en un dise&amp;ntilde;o completamente aleatorio. Las evaluaciones se hicieron a los 8 y 15 d&amp;iacute;as, y registraron radio de inhibici&amp;oacute;n (mm) y n&amp;uacute;mero de colonias cm&amp;#713;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A11&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 5.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt;2 de&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;Mycosphaerella fijiensis hongo del pl&amp;aacute;tano y del banano&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt;. Realizaron an&amp;aacute;lisis de varianza y comparaciones mediante la prueba de Tukey. Como hallazgos encontraron que el&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;extracto de canela (&lt;em&gt;Cinnamomun zeylanicum&lt;/em&gt;) al 75 y 100% mostr&amp;oacute; los mejores efectos en las dos variables, con 22 mm de radio de inhibici&amp;oacute;n e inhibici&amp;oacute;n total de colonias, seguido de neem (&lt;em&gt;Azadirachta indica&lt;/em&gt;) al 75% con 18 mm de inhibici&amp;oacute;n y 1 colonia cm&amp;#713;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A11&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 5.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt;. Ambos extractos, en particular el de canela, mostraron efectos estad&amp;iacute;sticamente similares a los fungicidas evaluados, y se caracterizaron por la duraci&amp;oacute;n del efecto a trav&amp;eacute;s del tiempo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;mso-element: footnote-list;&quot;&gt;&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; /&gt;&lt;hr align=&quot;left&quot; size=&quot;1&quot; width=&quot;33%&quot; /&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;ftn1&quot; style=&quot;mso-element: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoFootnoteText&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#_ftnref1&quot; name=&quot;_ftn1&quot; style=&quot;mso-footnote-id: ftn1;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;BETANCOURTH, Carlos. Evaluaci&amp;oacute;n de extractos de plantas, jabones y aceites para el control de plagas en papa, fr&amp;iacute;jol y hortalizas en la zona Andina del Departamento de Nari&amp;ntilde;o. p.10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;ftn2&quot; style=&quot;mso-element: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoFootnoteText&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#_ftnref2&quot; name=&quot;_ftn2&quot; style=&quot;mso-footnote-id: ftn2;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;&quot;&gt;[2]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt; Ibid., p. 103&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;ftn3&quot; style=&quot;mso-element: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#_ftnref3&quot; name=&quot;_ftn3&quot; style=&quot;mso-footnote-id: ftn3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;&quot;&gt;[3]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt; MENA, Jaqueline&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; GARCIA, Juan Pablo y otros.&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;Evaluaci&amp;oacute;n de la variaci&amp;oacute;n de los compuestos presentes en aceite esencial de Ruda ( Ruta graveolens L)., sometida a condiciones de estr&amp;eacute;s h&amp;iacute;drico. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-TRAD&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-TRAD;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoFootnoteText&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;ftn4&quot; style=&quot;mso-element: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#_ftnref4&quot; name=&quot;_ftn4&quot; style=&quot;mso-footnote-id: ftn4;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #ffffff;&quot;&gt;[4]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #ffffff;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;VIVEROS, Johana. CASTA&amp;Ntilde;O, Jairo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt; Evaluaci&amp;oacute;n &lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;in vitro &lt;/span&gt;de extractos vegetales sobre M&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;ycosphaerella Fijiensis M&lt;/span&gt;orelet &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-TRAD&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-TRAD;&quot;&gt;En&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-TRAD&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-TRAD;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-TRAD&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-TRAD;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;PC Pdf-Adobe. Agosto, 2006. vol. 14, no 1, p. 37-50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-TRAD&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Book Antiqua&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoFootnoteText&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #ffffff;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>    </item>    <item rdf:about="http://proyeacui.blogcindario.com/2009/05/00003-ejemplo-de-perfil-de-proyecto-tecnico-parte-3.html">        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>        <dc:date>2009-05-02T00:46:56+01:00</dc:date>        <dc:creator>argotef</dc:creator>        <title>Ejemplo de perfil de proyecto técnico parte 3</title>        <link>http://proyeacui.blogcindario.com/2009/05/00003-ejemplo-de-perfil-de-proyecto-tecnico-parte-3.html</link>        <description>&lt;div class=&quot;Section1&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;3.3 CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Describir las actividades, con su respectivo tiempo para la realizaci&amp;oacute;n. Utilizar grafica de Gantt&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;3.4 &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;PRESUPUESTO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Describir los rubros con su respectivo costo. Recurso humano, f&amp;iacute;sico, transporte&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding-right: 3.5pt; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; border: windowtext 1pt solid;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;ITEM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;COSTO EN MILES DE $&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: left; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;Oslash;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;RECURSO HUMANO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 2;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;2 PROFESIONALES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;12.500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;2 JORNALES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;300&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 4;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: left; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;Oslash;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;RECURSO FISICO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 5;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;FOTOCOPIAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 6;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;PAPELERIA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 7;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;TRANSCRIPCI&amp;Oacute;N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 8;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;EMPASTADO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 9;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;DISKETES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;40&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 10;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;MATERIAL VEGETAL (RUDA)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 11;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;MATERIAL VEGETAL (FRIJOL INVERNADERO)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 12;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;INSUMOS AGRICOLAS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 13;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;ANALISIS DE LABORATORIOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;2.000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 14;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;ALQUILER PLANTA PILOTO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;300&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 15;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: left; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;Oslash;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;TRANSPORTE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;1.000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 16;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;VIATICOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;1.000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;mso-yfti-irow: 17; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 210.25pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;GRAN TOTAL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 210.3pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;280&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;18.200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BIBLIOGRAFIA&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>    </item>    <item rdf:about="http://proyeacui.blogcindario.com/2009/05/00002-ejemplo-de-perfil-de-proyecto-tecnico-parte-2.html">        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>        <dc:date>2009-05-02T00:41:31+01:00</dc:date>        <dc:creator>argotef</dc:creator>        <title>Ejemplo de perfil de proyecto técnico parte 2</title>        <link>http://proyeacui.blogcindario.com/2009/05/00002-ejemplo-de-perfil-de-proyecto-tecnico-parte-2.html</link>        <description>&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;CAPITULO II&lt;br /&gt;2.1 MARCO REFERENCIAL&lt;br /&gt;2.2MARCO TE&amp;Oacute;RICO&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;CAPITULO III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt; text-indent: -35.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;3.1 Metodolog&amp;iacute;a.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt; text-indent: -35.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt; text-indent: -35.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;La investigaci&amp;oacute;n se desarrollar&amp;aacute; en cinco fases, ellas son:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt; text-indent: -35.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Diagn&amp;oacute;stico a productores de fr&amp;iacute;jol de &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;los municipios de Leiva, Consac&amp;aacute;, Imu&amp;eacute;s, Ancuya, La Florida, Linares y San Lorenzo. Para ello se realizaran reuniones convocadas por las alcald&amp;iacute;as de cada uno de los municipios, y se aplicaran encuestas relacionadas con el problema del manejo de la mosca blanca, volumen de p&amp;eacute;rdidas, pr&amp;aacute;cticas utilizadas para contrarrestar la plaga entre otros aspectos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Mediante sondeos a supermercados y tiendas en la ciudad de Pasto se auscultar&amp;aacute; &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;las caracter&amp;iacute;sticas y calidad requeridas del fr&amp;iacute;jol. Con la ayuda de base de datos y la revisi&amp;oacute;n del mercado internacional del fr&amp;iacute;jol se analizaran los par&amp;aacute;metros fitosanitarios exigidos por los pa&amp;iacute;ses importadores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; color: black; text-align: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Para la obtenci&amp;oacute;n del hidrolato a nivel de planta piloto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext;&quot;&gt;,&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;se realizar&amp;aacute;n extracciones con diferentes concentraciones de tres solventes (agua, etanol y glicerina) mediante la t&amp;eacute;cnica soxhlet,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt; para extraer los principales componentes activos seg&amp;uacute;n la especie. Cada tratamiento tendr&amp;aacute; 3 repeticiones en un dise&amp;ntilde;o completamente aleatorio. Los solventes se mezclaran en relaciones 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 con combinaciones alcohol-agua y glicerina-alcohol &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;en su orden de manera respectiva. La cantidad de la soluci&amp;oacute;n ser&amp;aacute; de 150 ml y el peso del material vegetal (hojas y flores) de 80 g previamente secados a una temperatura de 40 grados cent&amp;iacute;grados durante 8 horas. Se realizaran 5 ciclos por tratamiento en el equipo soxhlet, el tiempo necesario se encuentra alrededor de 3 horas.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Evaluar la efectividad y fitotoxicidad del hidrolato a nivel de laboratorio, e invernadero.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt; Las evaluaciones se realizaran en 5 insectos por caja petri y la soluci&amp;oacute;n madre se diluir&amp;aacute; en concentraciones de 25, 50, 75 y 100%. Las variables de repuesta ser&amp;aacute;n la tasa de mortalidad (n&amp;uacute;mero de insectos por caja muertos, &amp;iacute;ndice en&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;%), repelencia (n&amp;uacute;mero de insectos acostados, &amp;iacute;ndice en %), oviposici&amp;oacute;n (n&amp;uacute;mero de huevos por caja, &amp;iacute;ndice en %). El modelo estad&amp;iacute;stico para an&amp;aacute;lisis de la informaci&amp;oacute;n ser&amp;aacute; el Anova, con&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;comparaciones mediante la prueba de Tukey. La fitotoxicidad se evaluar&amp;aacute; teniendo en cuenta los desordenes fisiol&amp;oacute;gicos ocasionados en las plantas de fr&amp;iacute;jol en las pruebas de invernadero, con comparaciones respecto a un testigo sin tratamiento. El testigo para comparar la efectividad de los tratamientos ser&amp;aacute; un producto qu&amp;iacute;mico comercial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;Karathe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;A0&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond;&quot;&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Las evaluaciones se realizaran cada ocho d&amp;iacute;as&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;a partir de los 15 d&amp;iacute;as despu&amp;eacute;s de la siembra hasta el periodo de floraci&amp;oacute;n; esto con el fin de determinar la din&amp;aacute;mica poblacional de la plaga en el cultivo y la toxicidad de los extractos en las plantas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Para valorar &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;la inocuidad del hidrolato, se realizar&amp;aacute;n an&amp;aacute;lisis de laboratorio, sobre las trazas en los frutos y de acuerdo a ello se verificar&amp;aacute; su efecto inofensivo en la salud de los seres humanos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h1 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;3.2 Recurso humano. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;La realizaci&amp;oacute;n del presente proyecto tiene car&amp;aacute;cter interdisciplinario, a continuaci&amp;oacute;n se presentan los profesionales que desarrollar&amp;aacute;n la propuesta de investigaci&amp;oacute;n. Los recursos financieros se obtendr&amp;aacute;n con la participaci&amp;oacute;n en convocatorias organizadas por MADR y COLCIENCIAS. Se emplear&amp;aacute;n las instalaciones de la planta piloto y laboratorios de la Universidad de Nari&amp;ntilde;o.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;FRANCISCO E. ARGOTE V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Ingeniero Agroindustrial. Esp. M.S.c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;GUSTAVO SANTACRUZ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Ingeniero Agr&amp;oacute;nomo. AGROCAMPO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;OSVALDO ARCOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Laboratorista Universidad de Nari&amp;ntilde;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;FERNANDO BAEZ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Ingeniero Agr&amp;oacute;nomo CORPOICA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>    </item>    <item rdf:about="http://proyeacui.blogcindario.com/2009/05/00001-ejemplo-de-perfil-de-proyecto-tecnico-parte-1.html">        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>        <dc:date>2009-05-02T00:07:21+01:00</dc:date>        <dc:creator>argotef</dc:creator>        <title>Ejemplo de perfil de proyecto técnico parte 1</title>        <link>http://proyeacui.blogcindario.com/2009/05/00001-ejemplo-de-perfil-de-proyecto-tecnico-parte-1.html</link>        <description>&lt;div class=&quot;Section1&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;EVALUACION DE LA &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;EFECTIVIDAD E INNOCUIDAD&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;DE UN&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;HIDROLATO A PARTIR DE RUDA (R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;uta graveolens&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;) MEDIANTE EL M&amp;Eacute;TODO &lt;/span&gt;SOXHLET&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt; PARA EL MANEJO DE LA MOSCA BLANCA &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;(B&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;emisia tabaci&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/em&gt; EN EL CULTIVO DE FR&amp;Iacute;JOL ARBUSTIVO &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;(P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;haseolus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;FRANCISCO EMILIO ARGOTE VEGA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;INTRODUCCI&amp;Oacute;N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;Section3&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;El presente documento contiene la propuesta de investigaci&amp;oacute;n,&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;cuya tem&amp;aacute;tica que se plantea&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;es &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;la evaluaci&amp;oacute;n de la&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;efectividad e innocuidad&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;de un&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;hidrolato a partir de Ruda (R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;uta graveolens&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;) mediante el m&amp;eacute;todo &lt;/span&gt;soxhlet&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt; para el manejo de la mosca blanca &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;(b&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;emisia tabaci&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/em&gt; en el cultivo de fr&amp;iacute;jol arbustivo (p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;haseolus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;La primera parte contempla varios aspectos a saber: primero, un planteamiento y formulaci&amp;oacute;n &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;del problema, en los que se expone la naturaleza del problema y el tipo de estudio que a partir de ella se pretende desarrollar; segundo, se plantean la justificaci&amp;oacute;n y objetivos en los cuales se establece, por un lado, los alcances y resultados a los que se quiere llegar, y por otro, la importancia que este estudio representa para la instituci&amp;oacute;n y la comunidad campesina, as&amp;iacute; como su viabilidad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;En la segunda secci&amp;oacute;n&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;se presentan los fundamentos referenciales de esta propuesta investigativa, haciendo &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;alusi&amp;oacute;n a estudios previos similares al ejercicio que se plantea desarrollar; en segundo t&amp;eacute;rmino, se exponen en el&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;marco conceptual teor&amp;iacute;as y definiciones sobre hidrolatos, ruda (R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;uta graveolens&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;), m&amp;eacute;todo soxhlet, caracter&amp;iacute;sticas del fr&amp;iacute;jol arbustivo, como a su vez aspectos generales de la mosca blanca (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;B&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;emisia tabaci&lt;/span&gt;). &lt;/em&gt;De igual manera, en el marco contextual se mencionan algunos impactos econ&amp;oacute;micos que tiene la producci&amp;oacute;n del fr&amp;iacute;jol en el Departamento de Nari&amp;ntilde;o.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;La tercera parte corresponde al dise&amp;ntilde;o metodol&amp;oacute;gico de la investigaci&amp;oacute;n, el cual es&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;experimental puro, puesto que las variables que comporta este estudio se manipularan deliberadamente a trav&amp;eacute;s de aplicaciones de tratamientos o est&amp;iacute;mulos, con sus respectivos controles y evaluaciones.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Por ultimo se propone un cronograma de actividades y un presupuesto, los cuales dan cuenta del tiempo que se va a emplear en el proyecto y el costo en miles de pesos del mismo. Esta parte la complementa la bibliograf&amp;iacute;a, donde se mencionan algunos textos y estudios relacionados con la tem&amp;aacute;tica planteada, con los que se dar&amp;aacute; inicio al trabajo contemplado en el cronograma de actividades. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;&quot;&gt;&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; style=&quot;page-break-before: always; mso-break-type: section-break;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;Section4&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;CAPITULO I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: justify; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l31 level2 lfo9;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Problema&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;1.1.1&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Planteamiento del problema.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Las producciones de fr&amp;iacute;jol del Departamento de Nari&amp;ntilde;o, presentan perdidas representativas, las cuales se encuentran entre el 5 y el 7% de acuerdo a los reportes estad&amp;iacute;sticos de las Umatas (2006) de los municipios de Leiva, Consac&amp;aacute;, Imu&amp;eacute;s, Ancuya, La Florida, Linares y San Lorenzo. El grano presenta manchas y perforaciones lo que imposibilita su comercializaci&amp;oacute;n de acuerdo a las caracter&amp;iacute;sticas de calidad requeridas por el mercado. Por otra parte se han determinado mediante an&amp;aacute;lisis qu&amp;iacute;micos la presencia de trazas de insecticidas, que de acuerdo a la reglamentaci&amp;oacute;n fitosanitaria de otros pa&amp;iacute;ses, imposibilitan su penetraci&amp;oacute;n en mercados reales o potenciales demandantes de fr&amp;iacute;jol. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;La principal causa de las consideraciones anteriores es el deficiente manejo de la mosca blanca &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;(Bemisia tabaci), &lt;/em&gt;responsable &lt;/span&gt;de los da&amp;ntilde;os directos en&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;las plantas como amarillamientos y debilitamiento de las mismas, ocasionados por larvas e &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;insectos adultos, que&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;absorben la savia de las hojas. De igual forma causan alteraciones en los cultivos como la proliferaci&amp;oacute;n de negrilla, manchas y depreciaciones en &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;los frutos, y a su vez&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;la atrofia de las plantas. Los productores para contrarrestar el ataque acuden a exageradas aplicaciones de insecticidas qu&amp;iacute;micos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;E&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;l Departamento de Nari&amp;ntilde;o, para el a&amp;ntilde;o 2006, de acuerdo a las estad&amp;iacute;sticas del consolidado agropecuario de la secretaria de agricultura, report&amp;oacute; alrededor de 5.000 toneladas entre el cultivo solo y asociado en los municipios anteriormente mencionados, el deficiente manejo de la mosca blanca con las pr&amp;aacute;cticas actuales, puede en el futuro disminuir los rendimientos del cultivo de fr&amp;iacute;jol, afectando notablemente el ingreso de los productores, y a su vez perjudicar la salud de los campesinos y&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;consumidores, impactando&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;de manera negativa en el recurso aire y agua. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Por lo anterior se hace necesario, investigar e implementar una estrategia agroecol&amp;oacute;gica que permita el manejo eficiente de la plaga, disminuyendo los riesgos de salud en el productor y consumidor, amigable con el medio ambiente, y que permita la estabilizaci&amp;oacute;n de &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;los rendimientos del cultivo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;1.1.2 Formulaci&amp;oacute;n del problema&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;iquest;C&amp;oacute;mo contribuye la obtenci&amp;oacute;n de un hidrolato a partir de Ruda (R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;uta graveolens&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;) mediante el m&amp;eacute;todo soxhlet, el manejo de la mosca blanca&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;(B&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;emisia tabaci&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;) en el cultivo del&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;fr&amp;iacute;jol (P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;haseolus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;) en t&amp;eacute;rminos de efectividad e &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;innocuidad humana?&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;1.1.3&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Sistematizaci&amp;oacute;n del problema&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 72pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo45;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;middot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;iquest;Cu&amp;aacute;l es el porcentaje de p&amp;eacute;rdidas ocasionado en el fruto de la planta de fr&amp;iacute;jol por la mosca blanca?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 72pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo45;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;middot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;iquest;En qu&amp;eacute; cantidad se hallan las trazas de los insecticidas qu&amp;iacute;micos en los frutos?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 72pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo45;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;middot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;iquest;Por qu&amp;eacute; los productores exageran en las aplicaciones de insecticidas qu&amp;iacute;micos?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 72pt; text-indent: -18pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo45;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;middot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;iquest;Cu&amp;aacute;les son las caracter&amp;iacute;sticas esenciales que debe tener el hidrolato para cumplir con los requerimientos fitosanitarios en otros pa&amp;iacute;ses?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;1.1.4 &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Justificaci&amp;oacute;n.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Con el desarrollo de esta investigaci&amp;oacute;n se pretende obtener una alternativa agro ecol&amp;oacute;gica del manejo de la mosca blanca &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;(B&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;emisia tabaci&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;) en el cultivo de fr&amp;iacute;jol &lt;/span&gt;(P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;haseolus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;), aprovechando los principios activos de las hojas y &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;flores, de la Ruda (R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;uta graveolens&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;), buscando con esto adaptar o integrar estas practicas al manejo limpio de los cultivos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Actualmente los extractos vegetales, constituyen tratamientos insecticidas de f&amp;aacute;cil elaboraci&amp;oacute;n y aplicaci&amp;oacute;n, con porcentajes de eficiencia similares a los insecticidas sint&amp;eacute;ticos en el control de plagas. Es importante anotar que los extractos vegetales no tienen un efecto contaminante en el ambiente como lo hacen los insecticidas sint&amp;eacute;ticos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Los principales beneficiarios de la investigaci&amp;oacute;n son los productores de fr&amp;iacute;jol del Departamento del Nari&amp;ntilde;o, quienes exponen muchas veces su salud al utilizar insecticidas sint&amp;eacute;ticos, sus ingresos se ven perjudicados por las perdidas que ocasiona la mosca blanca en sus cultivos, que aunque no se han realizado investigaciones al respecto, los agricultores afirman ser representativas entre el 7 y 10% del total de la producci&amp;oacute;n. Por otra parte los residuos qu&amp;iacute;micos en los frutos atentan con la salud del consumidor. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Los resultados obtenidos servir&amp;aacute;n de capital intelectual de base para las futuras investigaciones relacionadas con control biol&amp;oacute;gico y manejo integral de plagas MIP, con el &amp;aacute;nimo de obtener productos org&amp;aacute;nicos que puedan participar en mercados especializados internacionales, haciendo competitivo al sector agr&amp;iacute;cola de&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Nari&amp;ntilde;o. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: justify; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-list: l41 level3 lfo12;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;1.1.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Objetivo general.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Evaluar &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;la efectividad e inofensividad humana&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;de un &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hidrolato a partir de ruda (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;uta graveolens&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;) mediante el m&amp;eacute;todo &lt;/span&gt;Soxhlet&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot;&gt;para el manejo de la mosca blanca &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;(B&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;emisia tabaci&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/em&gt; en el cultivo de fr&amp;iacute;jol arbustivo (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;haseolus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-indent: -36pt; text-align: justify; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-list: l41 level3 lfo12;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;1.1.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Objetivos espec&amp;iacute;ficos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo46;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Desarrollar un diagn&amp;oacute;stico a productores de fr&amp;iacute;jol con problemas de mosca blanca en &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;los municipios de Leiva, Consac&amp;aacute;, Imu&amp;eacute;s, Ancuya, La Florida, Linares y San Lorenzo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo46;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Determinar las caracter&amp;iacute;sticas y calidad requeridas del fr&amp;iacute;jol en el mercado regional e internacional.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo46;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Obtener el hidrolato a nivel de planta piloto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo46;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Evaluar la efectividad y fitotoxicidad del hidrolato a nivel de laboratorio, e invernadero.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 35.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo46;&quot; value=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;Evaluar la inocuidad del hidrolato&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-CO&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>    </item></rdf:RDF>